Mark Smith gained a PhD in Colloid Science from the University of Bristol and then spent a few years in the oil industry before joining and working (for over 30 years) in Paper Industry. Having gained experience at McMillan Bloedel Research, Mead Central Research, UK Paper and Omya, he has been involved in problem-solving around Wet End Chemistry on Paper Machines around the world. By measuring colloidal properties and using these measurements, it is possible to solve a wide range of papermaking issues.